一、查看网卡名称

Centos7设置静态IP地址的方法

一般服务器安装Centos都是不安装界面的，如果当时安装系统时没有设置IP地址的话，那就只能在命令行设置了IP地址了，对于高手来说，有N但多种方法设置，对于Linux小白来说，这个就要折腾好久。以下我就以Centos7最小化安装来设置IP地址。

一、查看网卡名称

CentOS7最小化安装后是没有 ifconfig 命令的，会提示ifconfig: command not found （意思是找不到该命令）。

所以没有办法通过 ifconfig 查看网卡相关配置信息的，这个时候通过新的ip addr （或者ip addr show）命令来查看网卡相关配。

通过命令得出lo回环网卡和一个ens192的网卡，但是ens192并没有ip地址，说明网卡没有启动。

<span class="pun">//查询</span><span class="pln">ip</span><span class="pun">信息</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">root@localhost </span><span class="pun">~]</span><span class="com"># ip addr</span><span class="pun">//进入网卡配置目录</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">root@localhost </span><span class="pun">~]</span><span class="com"># cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/</span><span class="pun">//列出目录所有文件和文件夹</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">root@localhost network</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">scripts</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="com"># ls</span>

//查询ip信息[root@localhost ~]# ip addr//进入网卡配置目录[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts///列出目录所有文件和文件夹[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls

二、动态DHCP配置网卡

1、找到ifcfg-ens192的网卡配置文件（一般都是ifcfg-xxxx），如上图第一个文件就是。

2、通过vi打开编辑，按i进入插入模式可以编辑，把ONBOOT=no改成ONBOOT=yes，编辑完按esc，输入:wq退出。具体其他vi命令请自行百度。

<span class="pln">TYPE</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="typ">Ethernet</span><span class="pun">//网卡类型：为以太网</span><span class="pln">
PROXY_METHOD</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">none              </span><span class="pun">//代理方式：关闭状态</span><span class="pln">
BROWSER_ONLY</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">no              </span><span class="pun">//只是浏览器：否</span><span class="pln">
BOOTPROTO</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">dhcp              </span><span class="pun">//网卡的引导协议：</span><span class="pln">DHCP</span><span class="pun">动态</span><span class="pln">ip</span><span class="pun">地址</span><span class="pln">
DEFROUTE</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">yes              </span><span class="pun">//默认路由：是。</span><span class="pln">
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">no              </span><span class="pun">//是否开启</span><span class="pln">IPV4</span><span class="pun">致命错误检测：默认否</span><span class="pln">
IPV6INIT</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">yes              </span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pln"> IPV6</span><span class="pun">是否自动初始化:</span><span class="pun">默认是</span><span class="pln">
IPV6_AUTOCONF</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">yes              </span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pln">IPV6</span><span class="pun">是否自动配置：默认是</span><span class="pln">
IPV6_DEFROUTE</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">yes              </span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pln">IPV6</span><span class="pun">是否可以为默认路由：默认是</span><span class="pln">
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">no              </span><span class="pun">//是否开启</span><span class="pln">IPV6</span><span class="pun">致命错误检测：默认否</span><span class="pln">
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">stable</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">privacy             </span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pln">IPV6</span><span class="pun">地址生成模型：</span><span class="pln">stable</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">privacy
NAME</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">ens192             </span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pun">网络接口名称，即配置文件名后半部分。</span><span class="pln">
UUID</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">a82810af</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">b328</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">437f</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">90a9</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="lit">6c4563289636</span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pun">通用唯一识别码,</span><span class="pun">每一个网卡都会有,</span><span class="pun">不能重复</span><span class="pln">
DEVICE</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">ens192             </span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pun">网卡设备名称</span><span class="pln">
ONBOOT</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">no             </span><span class="pun">//</span><span class="pun">是否开机启动，一般情况下设置为</span><span class="str">`yes`</span>

TYPE=Ethernet//网卡类型：为以太网

PROXY_METHOD=none //代理方式：关闭状态

BROWSER_ONLY=no //只是浏览器：否

BOOTPROTO=dhcp //网卡的引导协议：DHCP动态ip地址

DEFROUTE=yes //默认路由：是。

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no //是否开启IPV4致命错误检测：默认否

IPV6INIT=yes // IPV6是否自动初始化:默认是

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes //IPV6是否自动配置：默认是

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes //IPV6是否可以为默认路由：默认是

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no //是否开启IPV6致命错误检测：默认否

IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy //IPV6地址生成模型：stable-privacy

NAME=ens192 //网络接口名称，即配置文件名后半部分。

UUID=a82810af-b328-437f-90a9-6c4563289636//通用唯一识别码,每一个网卡都会有,不能重复

DEVICE=ens192 //网卡设备名称

ONBOOT=no //是否开机启动，一般情况下设置为`yes`

3、最后重启网卡service network restart

<span class="pun">//用</span><span class="pln">vi</span><span class="pun">打开</span><span class="pln">ifcfg</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">ens192</span><span class="pun">网卡配置文件</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">root@localhost </span><span class="pun">~]</span><span class="com"># vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192</span><span class="pun">//如果已在</span><span class="pln">network</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">scripts</span><span class="pun">目录的话，可以直接</span><span class="pln">vi ifcfg</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">ens192</span><span class="pun">比较简单</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">root@localhost network</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">scripts</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="com"># vi ifcfg-ens192</span><span class="pun">//重启网卡服务</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">root@localhost network</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">scripts</span><span class="pun">]</span><span class="com"># service network restart</span>

//用vi打开ifcfg-ens192网卡配置文件[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192//如果已在network-scripts目录的话，可以直接vi ifcfg-ens192比较简单[root@localhost network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens192//重启网卡服务[root@localhost network-scripts]# service network restart

三、静态static配置网卡

1、用vi编辑ifcfg-ens192网卡文件。

<span class="pln">BOOTPROTO</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="com">// 改为static静态ip</span><span class="pln">
IPADDR</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">10.0</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="lit">0.15</span><span class="com">// 设置静态ip地址</span><span class="pln">
NETMASK</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">255.255</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="lit">255.0</span><span class="com">// 设置子网掩码</span><span class="pln">
GATEWAY</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">10.0</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="lit">0.1</span><span class="com">// 设置网关</span><span class="pln">
DNS1</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">10.0</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="lit">0.1</span><span class="com">// 设置DNS1</span><span class="pln">
DNS2</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="lit">114.114</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="lit">114.114</span><span class="com">// 设置DNS2</span>